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• Cp, Cpk, Pp and Ppk explained

  What the four process capability indices measure, how they differ, and what a gap between Cpk and Ppk tells you.

• OEE explained: availability, performance and quality

  How Overall Equipment Effectiveness is calculated and why explaining losses matters more than the percentage.

• How AI can be used safely in manufacturing

  A design principle for separating AI reasoning from deterministic machine control, and why approval limits must be enforced outside the model.